Sports textile Essay Example for Free

Sports textile EssaySports textile is match slight of the branches of technical textiles. Now a days sophisticated technology ar officed in technical textile to produce sports support. Hi-tech textiles in sport argon 1 S. NO emergence PAGE NO 1 Introduction 2 2 Objective 3 3 Properties/ aff job inevitable for sports fag out 3 3. 1. in demand(predicate) attri exclusivelyes of operative sports and leisure wear 5 3. 2. Properties of sports textiles 6 4 Textile material and stuff structure for sports wear 7 4. 1. Development of references 7 4. 2. luxuriously- military operation eccentrics 8 4. 3. Special fibers used 10 4. 4. Types of frameworks 11 4. 5. work textiles 13 5 Market size of it for sports wear 14. 5. 1. The key encumbrances to the growth of sporttech product 15 6 Application/Uses of athletic wear 16 7 deduction 16 8 Bibliography 17 nothing newly. In twenty first century, clothing is an important edit for general consumer, dynamic athletes and for those who practice sports just for fitness in their leisure time. The sports theoretical accounts are gener whollyy ultra-breathable and shake spirited awake and wet vigilance properties, well up-fixed lean, fast drying properties and feature elasticity properties. These fabrics as well as construct ace strength and durability. The latest sports textile materials are much more function for fulfillingspecific necessitate in various sports activities.The sports such are i. Winter sports ii. Summer sports iii. Outdoor games iv. Indoor games v. Football vi. play vii. Climbing viii. Cycling ix. Flying and sailing sports x. Athletics xi. Other sports The people are paying more attention to sports operation and that the market for sportswear continues to expand. So the consumers seem to be prepared to sp closure sizeable amounts of money on sportswear and otherwise functional fabrics, which kick in made the market attractive to umteen producers. In sports, previousl y a traditionalapparel textilewas used.For that thep degree hasto face so many problems such as i. Sweating which quiver the fabric with automobile trunk ii. Feeling hot during run iii. Improper stretch ability iv. Extra system of weights of the fabric v. Give protection to consistency skin during fall on the ground vi. Inadequate fabric for fluid ohmic resistance for swimmer vii. Windproof, waterproof fabric for sailor 2 viii. Light weight habilitate with proper strength air circulation ix. High tenacity resistance to abrasion for the skiwear uniform x. Improper entrancing of the shoes during run etc. Therefore,technologyhastodevelopfortheaboveshortcomings. Andforthattheresearch activity took place and the country who were in the foremost are Japan, Sweden, Spain and linked State.To bridge the gap and promote the partnership and collaboration between the stakeholders government-end users. 3. PROPERTIES/FUNCTIONS REQUIRED FOR SPORTSWEAR Many varied aspects dumbfound to be considered when ending clothing for a particular sport. 1. The protection/safety functions to protect wearers from unbecoming weather (wind, rain and snow, etc). 2. The rest function which gives wear comfort (thermo-physiological comfort, skin sensorial comfort, embody forepart comfort) to wearers, 3. The exercise function to assist positively improvement of athletic records and attainment of ones target, 4.esthetic appeal and utmost fashion ability. In order to meet such requirements, waterproof/moisture leaky fabrics, perspiration absorbing/ fast drying fabrics, tenderness retentive fabrics, stretchable fabrics, etc. have been developed. From sensitivity or aesthetics point of view blurriness, surface texture, handle, luster, colour comfort are important factors. 3 5. For active sportswear requires super light, low fluid resistance, super high tenacity stretchablility. For those who are seeking comfort healthy pursuits critical features include thermal regulation , UV resistance, soapsuds submerging fast drying, vapour permeability.6. moisture management is one of the key act criteria in todays apparel industry. It is defined as the ability of a garment to transport moisture onward from the skin to the garments outer surface. This action pr even offts perspiration from remaining following to the skin. In hot conditions, trapped moisture may set off up and lead to fatigue or diminished performance. In cold conditions, trapped moisture will drop in temperature and cause temperature reduction and hypothermia. Excess moisture may also cause the garment to become heavy, as well as cause damage to the skin from chafing. Table no. 1 Function of sports textiles.S. No Function translation 1. Heat transport performances The sport fabrics require to maintain body temperature during various sports activities. The heat transport properties of fabric make possible to feel the sportsman cooler in summer and warmer in winter. The ropey material, b ulk entrapped air within the fabric affects the heat transport properties of the sportswear. 2 Moisture transport performance By changing the cross sections of the fiber and by using special chemicals fabrics are made which have high moisture transport properties. Such fabric keeps the body dry by keeping moisture away from body surface in vapor and/or liquid form.3 Anti-static performances Sportswear fabrics have a precise high electrical conductivity, so they bottom dissipate electrical charge. 4 4 Antimicrobial performances Keeping a normal direct of bacteria on the skin offers a high level of comfort and personal hygiene, especially during athletic activities. 5 Ultraviolet protection Sports fabrics can get rid of UV-A and UV-B rays that are dangerous to the skin, and guarantees an improved level of vindication compared to the majority general graphic and unreal fibres. 3. 1. Desirable attributes of functional sports and leisureweara. Optimum heat and moisture regulatio n. b. Rapid moisture absorption and conveyance capacity. c. Good air and water permeability d. Prevention of a long end point feeling of dampness. e. Low water absorption of the story of clothing facing the skin. f. Quick drying fabric to prevent catching cold. g. Pleasant to skin, soft, non-abrasive and non-chafing. h. Dimensionally stable even when wet. i. Durable j. Lightweight k. Soft and pleasant touch l. Easy care m. Smart and functional design Table no 2 need functions on the main sportswear S. No. Sportswear Required Function 1.Shirts for tennis,volleyball, golf, football, rugby, base ball uniform, tracksuits etc. Sweat absorption, fast drying, cooling. 2. Skiwear, wind breakers, rain wear dehydration permeability, water proofing 3. Skiwear, wind breakers, tracksuits Sunlight absorbing and thermal retention 5 4. Swimming race and glide costume, ski jump and downhill skiing suits, cycling costumes Low fluid resistance (for water and air) 5. Swimwear, leotards, glide cos tume. Stretch ability, opacity 6. Skiwear, snowboard wear, football and base ball uniform High tenacity, heat melt resistance to abrasion 3. 2. Properties of sports textilesSports textile must have comport ability, easy to wear, easy handling. Sports textiles fabrics have a really high electrical conductivity, so they can permit the effectual dissipation of electrical charge. It should be light as best as possible. Fabric fibrils are made highly effecting in moisture management thus they can wick the moisture as known as sweat away from the body keeps body dry. Sports textile should have good perspiration fastness.As this sports fabric has a special property well known as heat conductivity make possible to feel the user cooler in summer warmer in winter.Garments manufactured from sports textiles fabrics, keeps the normal stability of body comfort, because these fabrics are ultra-breathable, fast drying and have outstanding moisture managing properties, which rapidly wick moist ure away from the body. These garments are also very less in weight feature elasticity properties, which pull up stakess immense comfort and independence of movement.Keeping a normal level of bacteria on the skin offers a high level of comfort and personal hygiene, especially during athletic activities. Sports textiles fabrics remove UVA and UVB rays that are dangerous to the skin, and guarantees an improved level of defense compared to the majority general natural and man-made fibers. It also delivers spiffing strength and durability. The athletics the leisure activities for their better performance in the sports.4. TEXTILE material AND FABRIC STRUCTURE FOR SPORTSWEAR 6 It is not possible to achieve all required properties for sportswear in a simple structure of any ace fiber. The right type of fiber should be in the right place. The behavior of the fabric is mainly depending on its base fibers properties. The most important properties are fiber typeweave construction weigh t or thickness of the material and presence of chemical treatments.4. 1. Development of fibers The evolution of fiber developments has gone through the phases of conventional fibers, highly functional fibers and high-performance fibers. Polyester is the single most common fiber used for sportswear and active wear. Other fibers suitable for active wear are polyamide, polypropylene, acrylics and elastanes. Wool and cotton fibers are still finding applications in leisurewear. synthetic substance fibers can any be modified during manufacture, e. g. by producinghollow fibers and fibers with ir timed cross-section, or be optimally blended with natural fibers to improve their thermo-physiological and sensory properties.Synthetic fibers with improved UV resistance and having anti-microbial properties are also commercially on tap(predicate) for use in sportswear. Improved fiber spin techniques in melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning as well as new techniques such as gel spinning, bi -component spinning and microfiber spinning, have all made it possible to produce fibers, tells and fabrics with unique performance characteristics suitable for use in sportswear and sports goods. late technologies for producing microfibers have also contributed towards production of high-tech sportswear. By using the conjugate spinning technique, many different types of sophisticated fibers with various functions have been commercially produced which has resulted in fabrics having improved mechanical, physical, chemical and biological functions. The technique of producing character/ internality melt spun conjugate fibers has been commercially exploited for producing added-value fibers. Unitika produced the first heat-degenerating conjugate fiber with a core containing zirconium carbide (ZrC).S0ince ZrC absorbs sunlight (visible and near-infrared radiations) and emits far-infrared radiation, one feels warmer when one puts on a jacket made from such fibers. Other types of heat-gene rating fibers contain ceramic micro-particles. 4. 2. high-performance fibers Today, a wide range of high-performance fibers is commercially functional for technical and industrial applications. These types of fibers are used in sports protective wear/equipment 7 developed for feign protection and in textile reinforcement in sports products for different applications. Among the speciality fibers already established are the following.Aramidfibers Figure no 1 aramid fibers Figure no 2 Gloves made from aramid p-aramid fiber will provide high strength and ballistics. m-aramid fiber will provide flame and heat resistance. Ultra-high tenacity polyethylene fibers (UHMWPE) gel spun, ultra high molecular polyethylene fibers with extremely high specific strength and modulus, high chemical resistance and high abrasion resistance. Polyphenylene sulphide fibers (PPS) Crystalline thermoplastic fiber with mechanical properties similar to regular polyester fiber. Excellent heat and chemical res istance. 8 Polyetheretherketone fibers (PEEK)Crystalline thermoplastic fiber with high resistance to heat and to a wide range of chemicals. Novoloid (cured phenol-aldehyde) fibers High flame resistance, non-melting with high resistance to acid, solvents, steam, chemicals and fuels. Good moisture recruit and soft hand. PBO (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibers The strength and modulus of this fiber exceed those of any known fibers. Table no 3 Characteristics of High-performance fibers High-performance fibers Characteristics Glass fiber High resistance. Aramid Mechanical strength and high resistance to flame and heat. High tenacity polyethylene High mechanical strength, chemicaland abrasion resistance. Polyphenylene sulfide Excellent chemical and heat resistance.PBO(polybenzoxazole) High mechanical strength. . 4. 3. Special fibers used Hygra20 Killat N23 Killat N from Kanebo Ltd is a nylon hollow filament. The hollow factor is slightly 33 per cent of the cross section of each fi lament due to which it gives good water absorbency and warmth retentive property. The manufacturing technology of Killat N is 9 very interesting. The yarn is spun as bicomponent filament yarn with dissoluble polyester copolymer as the core portion and nylon as the skin portion.Then by giving alkali weightloss treatment the soluble polyester copolymer of the bicomponent filament will dissolve and a large hollow portion (exceeding 30 per cent of the cross section) will be created as shown is Figure 5. Dacron 4-Channel Polyester a generic term for a high-performance four-channel fiber engineered to move moisture and speed the drying up of perspiration. It is a superior fabric for wicking action, drying time, moisture absorption and transport. A high-performance, four-channel fiber engineered to move moisture and speed the evaporation of perspiration. It is a superior fabric, for wicking action, drying time,moisture absorption and transport.Lycra25 Figure no3 Swimwear made by lycra Ly cra, a truly synthetic fiber of long chain polymer composed of at least 85% sectioned polyurethane, finds wide range of end uses such as swimwear, active sportswear, floor gymnastics because of its comfort and fit2O. Adding Lycra to a fabric gives it stretch and recovery, particularly in gymnastics and swimwear where body skin flexing and stretching are inevitable. Lycra T-9026 requires still effort for the same extensibility.Roica and Leofeel 10 Roica is a polyether type spandex made by dry spinning method and Leofeel is asoft nylon-66 yarn developed by Asahi Chemical. The combination of Roica and Leofeel in mixed knitted tricot fabric gives a soft touch and excellent stretch. It is mainly used in swim wear . 4. 4. Types of fabrics A wide range of woven, knitted and nonwoven fabrics are commercially available for sportswear and normal wear. These fabrics differ in their structure such as entrapped air, pore ferment and size, bulk and surface properties etc. which may affect the heat and moisture transmission characteristics of the fabrics.For sportswear, knitted fabrics are preferred as these fabrics have greater elasticityand stretchability compared to woven fabrics, which provide unrestricted independence of movement and transmission of body vapour to the next textile layer in the clothing system. With new combinations of fabrics and yarns, and with developments in fabric construction, knitted fabric appears to be the ideal base for active sportswear. Knitted garments are mainly worn next to the skin and therefore deserve particular attention.Entrant Dermizax EV is a lightweight fabric having a feather smooth texture with excellent waterproof/moisture permeability and long-lived water repellency such as 20,000 mm of water pressure resistance and moisture permeability of 30,000 g/m2/24 hrs.It is an excellent and original active sportswear fabric with globally top class water proof/moisture permeability, as well as excellently durable water repellency. Its action of waterproof moisture permeability. fig no4 Entrant Dermizax EV fiber Entrant HB is a new generation fabric with hybrid structure that synergistically integrates the advantages offered by a coating (well-balanced moisture permeability) and lamination (high waterproofness). It has high resistance to water pressure and high 11 durability against repeated washings (80 points or higher later on 20 wash cycles). Its main application is outdoor wear.Toray has developed H2OFF made up of polyester microfibre fabric with a unique high-density weave structure comprising millions of microcrimped fiber loops. It also feature superb and durable water repellency, superior breathability and wind-chill resistance and attractiveness with soft hand. Naiva30 Unitika has developed Naiva fabric by combining the Naiva yarn with a nylon microfibre. Naiva is an Eval/nylon bicomponent filament yarn and Eval is nothing but a copolymer resin of ethylenevinylalcohol.Naiva yarn composition is 55% Eval (23% ethylene + 32% vinyl alcohol) and 45% nylon. In the Naiva fabrics there are many nylon micro loops on the surface, which are organize by making use of high thermal shrinkage property of Naiva yarn. Naiva fabric not simply has good moisture permeability but also has some other positive features like lightweight, softness and has capability of secondary finishing. The fabric is very successfully used in mountaineering wear and other active sportswear. fig no5 structure of Naiva 30.Field Sensor21 Field Sensor is a very popular high-performance fabric from Toray,which employs a multilayer structure that not only absorbs perspiration quickly but also transports it up to the outer layer of fabric very rapidly using principle of capillary vessel action. It is composed of coarser denier yarn on the inside surface (in direct contact with skin), and fine denier hydrophobic polyester yarn in a mesh construction on the outer surface to accelerate quick evaporation of sweat. COOLMAX DuPont CoolMax is a high-performance fabric that can help the athletic performance of the people who wear it. CoolMax moves sweat away from the body to 12 the outer layer of the fabric, where it dries faster than any other fabric.In moisture management tests, garments made with CoolMax dried almost completely in 30 minutes. Cotton, by comparison, remained wet by nearly 50%. Better evaporation means you spend less energy to cool your body, which increases your performance and endurance. CoolMax fabrics are specially designed to provide not only superior moisture management, but also to enhance the wearers comfort. All of the benefits of CoolMax fabrics are permanently built right into the fiber, requiring no chemical treatments. 4. 5. Layered fabrics Layered fabrics became common for active sportswear.The performance of layered fabric in thermophysiological regulation is better than single layer textile structure. Each layer has distinct function the layer next to the skin is to wic k away the perspiration rapidly to the outer layer, which absorbs and dissipates it rapidly to the atmosphere by evaporation. In doing so, it takes away some of the body heat and keeps the body cool. On the inside, a synthetic material with good moisture transfer properties, e. g. polyester, nylon, acrylic or polypropylene is used whereas on the outside, a material which is good absorber of moisture, e. g.cotton, wool, viscose rayon or their blends can be placed.The conductive inner layer transfers the liquid perspiration rapidly to the absorbent outer layer chiefly as a result of the capillary effect. The absorbent outside of the textile material functions as a buffer zone for excess perspiration. In another way of constructing a physiologically functional fabric is three-layer structure. The use of superfine or microfibre yarn enables production of dense fabrics leading to more stiff capillary action, with better thermo-physiological regulation. 13 14 Cellulosic or other delique scent Fibres.Fig no6 Two layered fabric structure for active wear 15 16 Cellulosic or Hydrophilic fibres Polyester micro fibres Polyester or other wicking fiber Fig no7 Three layered fabric structure for active wear 5.MARKET SIZE FOR SPORTS TEXTILES The technical textiles practise in the Sportech segment is precious at Rs 2,632 crore in 2007-08. The sports footwear components account for around 85% of the total segment value followed by technical textiles exercising in sports composites with around 11%share. The sports footwear components are valued at Rs 2,250 crore and are expected to grow at around 11% y- o-y over the next 5 years.The technical textiles usage in sports composites is valued at Rs 293 crore. Sport composites include inflatable balls (footballs, volleyball, basketballs, etc), cricket protective equipments and boxing equipments. approximately 30% of the sports composites are exported. Artificial turfs are valued at Rs 26 crore and account for about 1% of the segmen t only. The artificial turfs are not manufactured in India and the demand is met through imports.The usage of technical textiles in parachute fabrics, sleeping bags and hot air balloon fabricsisestimatedasRs18. 4crorein2007-08whichisexpectedtoincreasetoRs28crore by 2012-13.The consumption of sail cloth in India is negligible. Sports nets, high performance swimwear and tents account for the remaining technical textiles consumption in Sportech with market size of Rs 5 crore, Rs 0. 84 crore and Rs 39 crore respectively in 2007-08. India exports around 40% of its sports nets production and around 25% of its tents production. The usage of technical textiles in sports nets and tents is expected to increase to Rs 30 crore and Rs 49. 8 crore respectively by 2012-13.Overall, the usage of technical textiles in the Sportech segment is expected to increase 17 fromRs2,632crorein2007-08toaroundRs4,358croreby2012-13,growingata CAGRof just below 11%. Sportech segment of technical textiles is estima ted to provide employment to 88,000 peopleofwhomnumberoftechnicalemployeesisestimatedat70,000andnumberof non-technical employees is estimated at 18,000.The sports footwear industry is expected to grow by at least 8 percent per annum and accordingly, the demand potential for sports shoes and the attendant requirement of fabrics would be as below Table no 4 Market Potential for fabric requirement for sports wear social class Sports Shoes Requirement of fabric (million meters) Million Pairs Value(Rs. Crore) 2001-02 570 5100(1020).105 2003-04 595 5950(1200) 120 2007-08 804 8040(1600) 140 Note Figures in brackets foreshadow approximate value of technical textile shoe component 5. 1. The key impediments to the growth of Sporttech products- Inadequate home(prenominal) demand The raw materials and machinery for products like Ballooning fabric and Artificial turfs is not available in India which seek these products expensive as compared to other manufacturing countries Demand for product s like parachute fabrics, tents, etc is driven primarily by thedefense sector onlySportech products are typically labour intensive, availability of skilled labour is a major impediment to growth Licenses and clearances required for products like Ballooning fabric are a major impediment as well.This interactive workshop on Sports Textile focuses on building bridges between the Users and Manufactures. It will provide thought leadership and strategic vision to the technical textile industry in general and Sports textile in particular. 6. APPLICATIONS/USES OF SPORTSWEAR Sports textile has versatile use. Some uses of Sports Textile are given below 18 i.Sports composites ii. Artificial turf iii. Ballooning fabrics iv. Parachute fabrics v. Sail cloth vi. Sports nets vii. Sports footwear viii. Tents for sports ix. Swimming costume x. dormancy bags xi. Sports equipment xii. Cycling xiii. Golf xiv. Tennis xv. Mountaineering, xvi. Skiing, xvii. Cricket, etc. 7. CONCLUSIONS Modern peoples are p aying more attention to sports activity. The use of sports fabric is increasing day by day in various sports and leisure activities. The consumers seem to be prepared to spend considerable amounts of money on sportswear and other functional fabrics.During designing the sportswear fabrics, the aspects which are considered protection/safety functions to protect wearers from adverse weather, comfort functions which gives wear comfort (thermal, sensorial and body movement comfort), exercise function to enhance performance of athlete, and aesthetic appeal and high fashion ability. The required functions of sportswear fabrics differ in different situations such as type of sports, environmental conditions and level of activity etc. Sportswear developed by using special type of polymer, type of fibrous material, modifying the fiber/yarn/fabric structure, lamination,finishing technology and manufacturing technology etc.The introduction of high functionality and comfort in the sportswear fabr ics provide unlimited scope for sportswear fabrics. 19 8.BIBILIOGRAPHY ?Development Active Sportswear Fabrics and Synthetic Fibre Producers, JTN, Dec. ,1983, ?Sports Textile/Sporttech Properties of Sports Textile Application/Uses of Sports Textile, http//textilelearner. blogspot. in/2012/03/sports-textilesporttech-properties-of. html Assessed on 24. 12. 2012 ?International Journal of IT, plan and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN 2319-4413 Volume 2, No.1, January 2013 ?i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium www. irjcjournals. org ?Active Sportswear Fabrics ?Dr. Devanand Uttam, accomplice Professor, Punjab Technical University, Giani Zail Singh Campus, Bathinda, India ?FICCI Presents interactive workshop on sports textiles by Ministry of textiles. ?COOLMAX Performance Fabrics, 11495_CoolMaxSS_v3 2/25/04. ?Textiles in sports by R. Shishoo ?An emergence of sport-tech in technical textile industry by M. Nithiyakumar,G. Thamotharam ?www. indiantextile journal. com ?www. fibre2fashion. com ?www. texmin. com ?www. design-technology. org/sportsshoes1. htm .